The 18th World Conference of Lung Cancer (WCLC), hosted by International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), was held from October 15th–18th in Yokohama, Japan. Being a success, this conference attracted numerous of experts and researchers in the field of lung cancer from all around the world to attend. Participants shared their new findings and made profound discussions on up-to-date issues of lung cancer. Dr. Tetsuya Mitsudomi from Kinki University was invited to share his insights on present issues of lung cancer. We are honored to have an interview with him (Figure 1) and learn more about his views on the recent advances of molecular diagnosis in targeted therapy of lung cancer.